In Alberta, it’s no secret that the weather can swing from freezing cold to scorching hot within a few months. Creating a resilient and thriving garden can be challenging but also rewarding.

Heat tolerant landscaping is a practical and sustainable approach to gardening that focuses on using plants and techniques that can withstand high temperatures and periods of drought. Homeowners and gardeners can adapt their outdoor spaces to survive—and thrive—in Alberta’s unique climate.

The Challenges of Landscaping in Lethbridge

Gardening in Lethbridge and its surrounding areas presents many different challenges. The hot, dry summers can be tough on plants, leading to water shortages and the risk of plant stress or death. Traditional gardens that rely heavily on water and non-native plants are not always sustainable in these conditions. 

That’s why adopting a heat tolerant landscaping approach is essential for those looking to maintain a beautiful and vibrant outdoor space without constantly battling the elements or facing crazy water bills.

This blog will provide you with practical tips and insights into developing a heat tolerant landscape that not only survives but flourishes in Alberta’s environment. From choosing the right plants to implementing smart watering techniques, this article will guide you through the process of designing a sustainable, beautiful garden that stands up to the heat.

Key Elements of Heat Tolerant Landscaping

Choosing Heat-Resilient Plants

One of the most crucial steps in creating a heat tolerant landscape is selecting the right plants. Opting for native and drought-resistant species ensures that your garden can handle Alberta’s hot summers and unpredictable weather patterns. 

Here’s a list of 20 ideal plants for Alberta’s climate:

Trees:

1. Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) – A sturdy, drought-resistant tree that provides excellent shade.
2. Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) – Tolerant of dry conditions, this pine is well-suited to Alberta’s climate.

Shrubs: 

3. Saskatoon Berry (Amelanchier alnifolia) – A native shrub that produces delicious berries and requires minimal water. 
4. Silver Buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea) – A tough, drought-resistant shrub that thrives in dry soils.

Perennials: 

5. Blanket Flower (Gaillardia) – This vibrant flower is known for its heat and drought tolerance.
6. Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) – A bright perennial that withstands hot conditions well. 
7. Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) – Offers striking purple flowers and thrives in hot, dry areas. 
8. Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) – A hardy plant with medicinal properties, ideal for dry conditions. 
9. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) – A drought-tolerant perennial with feathery leaves and clusters of tiny flowers. 
10. Hens and Chicks (Sempervivum tectorum) – A succulent that is both heat and drought-resistant.

Ground Covers: 

11. Creeping Thyme (Thymus serpyllum) – A fragrant, low-growing herb that thrives in full sun and dry soil. 
12. Stonecrop (Sedum) – A succulent ground cover that requires little water and can handle high heat. 
13. Lamb’s Ear (Stachys byzantina) – Known for its fuzzy, silvery foliage, it’s perfect for dry, sunny spots. 
14. Blue Fescue (Festuca glauca) – A drought-tolerant grass that adds texture to any landscape. 
15. Ice Plant (Delosperma cooperi) – A low-maintenance ground cover with vibrant flowers that needs minimal water. 
16. Prairie Smoke (Geum triflorum) – Offers unique, wispy flowers and is native to the prairies, making it drought-tolerant. 
17. Silver Mound (Artemisia schmidtiana) – This perennial offers silvery foliage and thrives in dry, sunny locations.
18. Daylilies (Hemerocallis) – Durable perennials that come in various colors and are tolerant of heat and drought. 
19. Lavender (Lavandula) – Not only aromatic but also drought-resistant and thrives in well-drained soil. 
20. Sea Holly (Eryngium) – A unique-looking plant with spiky leaves that can handle hot and dry conditions.

Tips for plant selection: When choosing plants, consider your soil type and sunlight exposure. Some plants thrive in sandy, well-drained soils, while others prefer loamy or clay soils. Ensure that the plants you select are well-suited to the specific conditions of your garden.

Efficient Watering Techniques

Efficient watering is key to maintaining a heat tolerant landscape. There are several methods that allow you to ensure plant health while conserving water: 

• Drip Irrigation and Soaker Hoses: These methods deliver water directly to the base of plants, reducing evaporation and ensuring water reaches the root zone where it’s needed most.
• Optimal Watering Times: Water your plants early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize evaporation. Avoid watering during the hottest part of the day, as this leads to significant water loss.

Soil Management for Drought Resistance

Improving soil structure is vital for moisture retention and ensuring that your plants stay healthy during dry periods.

• Organic Matter: Incorporating compost or well-rotted manure into your soil improves its structure, increases water retention, and provides essential nutrients to plants.
• Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around your plants to help retain soil moisture, reduce water evaporation, and protect the soil from the intense heat of the sun. Mulches like wood chips or bark can help improve soil structure over time as they decompose. Our Alberta Mulch, Shredded Cedar Mulch, or Large Fir Bark are great options.

Designing a Heat Tolerant Landscape

Creating Shade and Windbreaks

Incorporating shade into your landscape design is important for protecting plants from the harsh sun. Here are a few strategies:

• Strategic Tree Planting: Planting trees strategically around your property can provide much-needed shade for both plants and outdoor living areas. Consider fast-growing, drought-tolerant trees like Bur Oak or Scots Pine.
• Using Pergolas and Arbors: These structures offer shade and can be combined with heat tolerant climbing plants—some examples are trumpet vine or clematis.
• Windbreaks: Establish hedges or fences to protect your garden from hot, drying winds. Plants like juniper or lilac make excellent windbreaks and are well-suited to Alberta’s conditions.

Hardscaping & Other Landscaping Options

Hardscaping is another effective strategy for creating a heat tolerant landscape. Consider these options:

• Gravel and Stone Pathways: These materials require no water and are highly durable. They also add texture and interest to your garden.
• Patios and Decks: Incorporating a patio or deck can reduce the amount of water-dependent grass or plants in your garden while providing a functional outdoor space.
• Balancing Hardscaping with Greenery: While hardscaping reduces water use, it’s important to balance it with greenery for a welcoming, comfortable outdoor environment. Use potted plants or planters with drought-tolerant species to add color and life to hardscaped areas.
• Artificial Turf: Artificial turf is an excellent choice for individuals seeking a low-maintenance, eco-friendly lawn. It eliminates the need for mowing, watering, or fertilizing while maintaining a lush, green appearance year-round. Synthetic grass creates a safe, beautiful outdoor space that can withstand the elements and heavy use, offering a practical and attractive solution.

Color and Texture in a Drought-Resistant Garden

A heat tolerant garden doesn’t have to be dull or lifeless. By carefully selecting plants, you can create a vibrant and visually appealing landscape.

• Using Plant Textures and Colors: Incorporate a variety of plant textures and colors to create visual interest. Mix plants with different leaf shapes, sizes, and colors to add depth and dimension to your garden.

Maintenance Tips

Seasonal Maintenance

To keep your heat tolerant landscape thriving, follow a maintenance schedule tailored to the seasons:

Spring

• Focus on pruning, applying fresh mulch, and checking irrigation systems.

Summer

• Monitor watering schedules, watch for signs of plant stress, and weed regularly to reduce competition for water.

Fall

• Cut back perennials, clean up debris, and prepare plants for winter dormancy.

Winter

• Protect vulnerable plants with burlap or other materials, and plan for the coming growing season.

Creating a heat tolerant landscape in Lethbridge and Alberta’s challenging climate involves careful planning, plant selection, and ongoing maintenance. By choosing drought-resistant plants, using efficient watering techniques, and incorporating hardscaping, and other alternative landscape options, you can develop a beautiful, sustainable landscape that thrives even in the hottest conditions. 

Remember, a successful heat tolerant landscape is one that not only looks good but also conserves resources and is well-adapted to its environment. Embrace these strategies, and you will have a vibrant, resilient space for you to enjoy for years to come.